The Commerce Modeler

The Orckestra Commerce Cloud Commerce Modeler is a customizable hierarchy that can be configured to match your organization's desired commerce landscape. This landscape isn't limited to a tree of your distribution centers and brick-and-mortar stores, and instead can span your targeted markets. These markets include but aren't limited to: physical locations, geographic region, virtual marketplaces and brands (represented by four different scopes).To represent these brands, we use four different Scopes types when Using the Commerce Modeler.

These Global, Sales, Dependent, and Virtual Scopes are used together to organize your data and settings, making them searchable for a given market. They may contain data such as a product catalog, product prices or a marketing campaign, as well as links to customers and orders that are related to that scope. This scoped data can be organized and configured differently from scope to scope depending on the needs of the market. For example, each Sales Scope can select which languages it supports.

Every hierarchy must have a Global Scope at its root, and this will be the only such scope in the whole hierarchy. Under this come the Sales Scopes, of which there needs to be at least one. Finally come the Dependent Scopes which have no other scopes below them. Additionally, Virtual Scopes may be used, and these are not subject to the same restrictions and can be used to group certain Sales and Dependent Scopes together.

The Global Scope represents the whole of your organization and all of its aspects across all markets/channels. In this Scope is your Global Catalog, a container for all product data that you manage using Orckestra Commerce Cloud. Because of its broadness, access is usually restricted to system, corporate, and/or global administrators.
Each Sales scope represents a particular market or channel you operate in. In each Sales Scope is a Sales Catalog which, like the Global Catalog, contains product data. Unlike the Global Catalog, the Sales Catalog is not all encompassing and is instead a subset of the larger Global Catalog. This enables you to tailor your catalog down a level and refine it more for a particular market, often a geographic region.
A Dependent scope is the most granular of the Scopes and can best be thought of as a specific physical location. This level of refinement offers the ability to set prices to be competitive depending on the surroundings, in the grocery vertical food prices are higher in cities than they are in the countryside. Like the Sales Scope, the Dependent Scopes can only inherit what's available in their parent (Sales) Scope's catalog.
The Virtual scope is used to visually group Sales and Dependent Scopes to better navigate your hierarchy.

REFERENCES

Understanding Order, Fulfillment and Inventory Locations